Seborrhea is the medical term that signifies excessively oily skin. It results from overactive sebaceous glands which secrete the oily substance that protects and lubricates the skin, and it is called sebum. The scalp and face are the body areas most commonly affected by seborrhea, but other affected body sites may include the chest and folds of skin such as the underarms.
Skin affected by seborrhea is characterized by an unpleasant feeling and seems to get dirty quickly, with a constantly shiny face. The affected area is often develops redness, and greasy and scaly patches; this is known as seborrheic dermatitis. Seborrhea is also often accompanied by acne.
Seborrhea can be managed by washing the face twice daily with water and a mild soap or soap-free face wash. This helps to remove excess oils and keep skin clean. Harsh soaps can stimulate the skin to produce more oil. Alternative options include products that are acid-based, such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, glycolic acid, or beta-hydroxy acid. Of note, some of these ingredients can be irritating, so applying them only a couple of times per week is preferable. Washing with lukewarm, not hot, water is recommended because temperature extremes can irritate skin.
A common myth is that people with oily skin should stay away from moisturizers because these may make their skin look even shinier. This is not true, because even oily skin needs to be moisturized. An oil-free moisturizer is advised; apply on dry face each time you wash, and make sure you vary the amount you apply depending on whether the area tends to be dry or oily.
Oil-free sunscreens are recommended as well.
Over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream may help to reduce inflammation (redness and scaling) and antifungal creams help to reduce yeast organisms living on the skin.
If seborrhea is severe, the following medications are traditionally resorted to:
Topical retinoids
Low-dose isotretinoin in severe cases
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