Treatment of placental abruption depends on:
- severity of the separation
- location of the separation
- age of the pregnancy.
Separation can be partial or complete (also called a total). These can also occur to different degrees which will influence the type of treatment required.
In the case of a partial separation, which is minor, bed rest and close monitoring may be prescribed if the pregnancy has not reached maturity (i.e., 1st and 2nd trimester). After a few days, the patient may resume normal daily activities but prudently.
If moderate separation occurs, hospitalization and close continuous monitoring will be needed; the doctor may use electronic monitoring to look at the fetus' heart rate. In certain cases, a blood transfusion may be indicated. If the fetus shows any signs of distress, your doctor may induce early delivery. If you can't give birth vaginally, your doctor will perform a c-section (cesarean).
In a case with a total or complete separation, immediate delivery is often the safest course of action. If the fetus is stable, vaginal delivery may be attempted. If the fetus is in distress or the mother is experiencing severe bleeding, then a cesarean delivery would be necessary.
Unfortunately, there is no treatment that can stop the placenta from detaching and there is no way to reattach it.
Any type of placental abruption can lead to premature birth and low birth weight. In cases where severe placental abruption occurs, approximately 15% will end in fetal death.
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