Proctitis is the inflammation of the lining of the rectum (the rectal mucosa), which is the last segment of the large intestine before the anus. Proctitis can be chronic (lasts more than a few months) or acute.
Proctitis can result from a number of conditions:
1-Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): these are the most common cause of proctitis which can occur through anal or oral-anal intercourse. Germs that cause proctitis include herpes simplex, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis.
2- Bacterial infections that aren’t transmitted sexually, such as Campylobacter, salmonella, and streptococcus can cause proctitis.
3-Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): people suffering from Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis are at a higher risk of to getting proctitis.
Risk factors for proctitis:
1- Having oral-anal intercourse, especially when multiple partners are involved.
2- Being immuno compromised: meaning with a weak immune system, like people who receive Chemotherapy or chronic steroids
3- Radiation therapy to the lower abdomen or pelvis
4- Having inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
The best and most effective way to prevent having proctitis is by practicing safe sex. Using condoms and having only one sex partner can prevent STIs that cause proctitis. Sharing the same toilet is unlikely to transmit infectious proctitis.
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It’s recommended by the American Academy of Ophthalmology that every adult between the ages of 18 and 80 does an eye examination at least once every two years.
It's recommended by the American Cancer Association that every adult between the age of 20 and 80 does an annual skin screening by a licensed dermatologist.
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